Abstract

This study shows the role of natural potentials and their impact on agricultural development in Semail district of Dohuk governorate. In the geological formations that date back to successive ages and different formations, where the impact on the diversity of the soil suitable for cultivation, and the soils in the region were characterized as brown soil with medium and deep thickness and interspersed with some rocky soils, thus diversifying agricultural crops, and this in turn also leads to a variation in groundwater sources from springs and wells In addition to the surface water, which is from earthen and stony dams, in addition to the alignment of the study area to the basin of Mosul Dam Lake, and the region is closest to the plain, so that the plain flat area constitutes (60%) of the total area of ​​the region, and its climate is characterized by moderation in all Its elements are suitable for agricultural production, and the moderation was over twenty years ago, but this moderation was disturbed during the two years (2021-2022), as the high temperatures led to damage to a percentage of the crops, in addition to the exposure of the region to dust storms, which were the cause of many pests and diseases that affected crops. As for the natural vegetation in the region, it is characterized that most of it is a short-term annual, consisting of herbs and short grasses, which increase in density as we head towards the north of the district.