Abstract

The research discusses the ongoing conflicts in the Republic of Sudan, especially with regard to southern and western Sudan over centuries, as the research touches on defining the Republic of Sudan and its geographical components that were affected by this conflict. The rebels in southern Sudan were able to achieve secession in 2011 AD after years of conflict. Many factors participated in this, including internal factors represented by the economic, ethnic and religious factor as well as the political factor, and external factors represented by the international factor in which the United States and Israel had an important role in that separation, which resulted from this separation effects on the economic and political level of the Republic of Sudan, which gave the separation of the south A strong motive for the Darfur rebels, as they began to put pressure on the central government to obtain their usurped rights, as internal and external factors participated in that conflict, whose roles became clear through the blatant intervention of the United States and Israel, in addition to the regional role, which was evident due to the extension of the roots of the rebels inside those countries, the impact of this conflict on Sudan Politically, security and economically, as security has become destabilized and the economy has collapsed due to external indebtedness