Document Type : Reasearch paper
Abstract
Judicial councils played an important role in politics and the judiciary since the early periods of Mesopotamian civilization, as the cuneiform texts indicate that the supreme authority in the city-state is in the hands of two councils, the first of which regulates the council of the elderly and the second of which includes free citizens (the youth). Decisions in the cities were made by these councils, which were formed Similar to the councils of the gods. Every person in the council had the right to debate. This is what led historians to believe that the democratic system in Mesopotamia preceded what was known in Greek civilization. These councils were held to consider the country's affairs, especially political ones.
The study aims to explain the role of judicial councils in ancient Iraq in resolving social issues in ancient Iraq, as well as indicating the stages of development of the judiciary across historical eras extending from the era of the dawn of dynasties to the modern Assyrian eras. We also touched on some social issues mentioned in cuneiform texts during historical periods.
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