Abstract

The educational institution is a cornerstone and fundamental element in building and developing the values of citizenship among individuals. This institution plays a significant role in instilling noble values and principles that enhance national belonging and social responsibility toward individuals in society. This research aims to explore how educational institutions promote citizenship values through curricula, educational activities, and the school environment. The study seeks to identify the role of educational institutions in fostering citizenship values among students in the face of globalization challenges, with a focus on introducing students to the challenges globalization poses to the concept of citizenship and its dimensions. Additionally, it attempts to highlight the main obstacles hindering the role of educational institutions in Iraq in establishing and reinforcing citizenship values among students. Among the methods used by the teaching staff, their role is exemplified by being good role models for students. Educators and teachers should embody noble professional ethics, and their relationships with students should be based on compassion, respect, and affection, avoiding authoritarian and discriminatory practices. This positive approach reflects on students' love for their institution, which in turn enhances their sense of belonging to their nation. Among the conclusions reached in this research is that Iraq is currently undergoing a radical transformation, characterized by the building of a strong state. However, this new development has coincided with a decline in the progress of citizenship and belonging. Nevertheless, this sense of belonging can be restored by identifying the sources influencing individual identity and addressing them in the same manner as the source itself.